Computer Network by Scale

Jaringan komputer menurut Skala

Jaringan komputer dapat diklasifikasikan menurut skala ukurannya : Personal area network (PAN), Local Area Network (LAN), Campus Area Network (CAN), Metropolitan area network (MAN), atau Wide area network (WAN). Dengan meningkatnya Ethernet sebagai standard interface jaringan, perbedaan-perbedaan ini lebih penting pada sisi administrator jaringan ketimbang pada end user. Administrators jaringan mungkin mengatur jaringan, berdasarkan selang waktu yang terjadi karena jarak yang ada, untuk memperoleh Quality of Service (QoS) yang diinginkan. Perbedaan utama pada jaringan adalah besar ukurannya. Controller Area Networks adalah sarang khusus, sebagai pengontrol vehicle's engine, boat's electronics, atau sebuah set dari factory robots.



Computer Network by Scale


By scale
Computer networks may be classified according to the scale: Personal area network (PAN), Local Area Network (LAN), Campus Area Network (CAN), Metropolitan area network (MAN), or Wide area network (WAN). As Ethernet increasingly is the standard interface to networks, these distinctions are more important to the network administrator than the end user. Network administrators may have to tune the network, based on delay that derives from distance, to achieve the desired Quality of Service (QoS). The primary difference in the networks is the size.
Controller Area Networks are a special niche, as in control of a vehicle's engine, a boat's electronics, or a set of factory robots.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_networks

Bridges

Bridges

Main article: Network bridge

A network bridge connects multiple network segments at the data link layer (layer 2) of the OSI model. Bridges do not promiscuously copy traffic to all ports, as hubs do, but learns which MAC addresses are reachable through specific ports. Once the bridge associates a port and an address, it will send traffic for that address only to that port. Bridges do send broadcasts to all ports except the one on which the broadcast was received. Bridges learn the association of ports and addresses by examining the source address of frames that it sees on various ports. Once a frame arrives through a port, its source address is stored and the bridge assumes that MAC address is associated with that port. The first time that a previously unknown destination address is seen, the bridge will forward the frame to all ports other than the one on which the frame arrived.

Bridges come in three basic types:
Local bridges: Directly connect local area networks (LANs)
Remote bridges: Can be used to create a wide area network (WAN) link between LANs. Remote bridges, where the connecting link is slower than the end networks, largely have been replaced by routers.
Wireless bridges: Can be used to join LANs or connect remote stations to LANs.